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phenacoccus solenopsis

Profile

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
homoptera pseudococcidae cotton mealybug AG cotton, ornamentals, vegetable crops

Shown Resistance to Active Ingredient(s)

  1. acetamiprid (#16)
  2. bifenthrin (#19)
  3. buprofezin (#2)
  4. carbosulfan (#8)
  5. chlorfenapyr
  6. chlorpyrifos (#10)
  7. clothianidin
  8. cyhalothrin-lambda (#13)
  9. cypermethrin (#14)
  10. cyromazine (#6)
  11. deltamethrin (#20)
  12. emamectin benzoate (#12)
  13. endosulfan (#6)
  14. imidacloprid (#6)
  15. indoxacarb (#3)
  16. lufenuron (#5)
  17. methidathion (#8)
  18. methoxyfenozide (#4)
  19. nitenpyram (#4)
  20. profenofos (#21)
  21. pyriproxyfen (#6)
  22. spinosad (#2)
  23. spirotetramat
  24. thiacloprid (#8)
  25. thiamethoxam (#8)
  26. thiocyclam (#8)
  27. thiodicarb (#4)

Citation(s) of Resistance

# Citation
1 Shahzad Afzal, M., Ali Shad, S., Abbas N., Ayyaz, M., and Walker, W. (2014). Cross-resistance, the stability of acetamiprid resistance and its effect on the biological parameters of cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis (Homoptera: Rseudococcidae), in Pakistan. Pest Management Science.
2 Saddiq, B., Shad, S. A., Ali Khan, H. A., Aslam, M., Ejaz, M., and Afzal, M. B. S. (2014). Resistance in the mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan to selected organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides. Crop Protection, 66 29-33.
3 Shahzad Afzal, M. B., and Ali Shad, S. (2015). Resistance inheritance and mechanism to emamectin benzoate in Phenacoccus solenopsis (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Crop Protection, 71 60-65.
4 Shahzad Afzal, M., Abbas, N., and Ali Shad, S. (2015). Inheritance, realized heritability and biochemical mechanism of acetamiprid resistance in the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.
5 Afzal, M.B.S., Ijaz, M., Farooq, Z., Ali Shad, S., and Abbas, N. (2015). Genetics and preliminary mechanism of chlorpyrifos resistance in Phenacocus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 119 42-47.
6 Saddiq, B., Shad, S., Aslam, M., Ijaz, M., and Abbas, N. (2015). Monitoring resistance of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae) to new chemical insecticides in Punjab, Pakistan. Crop Protection, 74 24-29.
7 Afzal, M., Shad, S., Basoalto, E., Ejaz, M., and Serrao, J. (2015). Characterization of indoxacarb resistance in Phenococcus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Cross-resistance, stability and fitness cost. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 18 779-785.
8 Afzal, M. and Shad, S. (2016). Genetic analysis, realized heritability and synergistic suppression of indoxacarb resistance in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Crop Protection, 84 62-68.
9 Saddiq, B., Abbas, N., Shad, S., Aslam, M., and Afzal, M. (2016). Deltamethrin resistance in the cotton mealybug, Phenococcus solenopsis Tinsley: Cross-resistance to other insecticides, fitness cost analysis and realized heritability. Phytoparasitica, 44 83-90.
10 Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.
11 Afzal, M., and Shad, S. (2016). Characterization of Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) (Homoptera: Pseudoccoccidae) Resistance to Emamectin Benzoate: Cross-Resistance Patterns and Fitness Cost Analysis. Neotropical Entomology, 45 310-319.
12 Ijaz, M., Afzal, M., and Shad, S. (2016). Resistance risk analysis to acetamiprid and other insecticides in Acetamiprid-Selected population of Phenacoccus solenopsis. Phytoparasitica, 44 177-186.
13 Mansoor, M.M., Afzal, M.B., Esoalto, E., Raza, A.B.M., and Banazeer, A. (2016). Selection of bifenthrin resistance in cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae): Cross-resistance, realized heritability and possible resistance mechanism. Crop Protection, 87 55-59.
14 Ejaza, M., Ullaha, S., Shada, S. A., Abbasa, N., and Binyameen, M. (2019). Characterization of inheritance and preliminary biochemical mechanisms of spirotetramat resistance in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley: An economic pest from Pakistan . Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology.
15 Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal, Sarfraz Ali Shad, Masood Ejaz, Mamuna Ijaz,. (2018). Selection, cross-resistance, and resistance risk assessment to deltamethrin in laboratory selected Phenacoccus solenopsis (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Crop Protection, 112 67-73.
16 Afzal, M. B. S., Shad, S. A., Ejaz, M. and Serrao, J. E. (2019). Laboratory selection, cross-resistance, and estimations of realized heritability of indoxacarb resistance in Phenacoccus solenopsis (Homoptera: Pseudococcidae). Pest Management Science.
17 Banazeer, A., Afzal, S.B.M., Ijaz, M. and Shad, A.S. (2019). Spinosad resistance selected in the laboratory strain of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): studies on risk assessment and cross-resistance patterns. Phytoparasitica, 47 531–542.
18 Nazar, M. Z., Freed, S., Hussain, S., Sumra, M. W., Sha, M. S., and Naeem, S. (2020). Characteristics of biochemical resistance mechanism of novel insecticides in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Crop Protection, 138.
19 Afzal, M. B. S., Riaz, M., Shad, S. A.,vand Ijaz, M. (2022). Assessing the resistance risk to emamectin benzoate in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): Selection, cross-resistance dynamics and estimates of realized heritability. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 102002.
20 Shankarganesh, K., Ricupero, M., and Sabtharishi, S. (2022). Field evolved insecticide resistance in the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis and its direct and indirect impacts on the endoparasitoid Aenasius arizonensis.. Scientific Reports, 12(1) 1-13.
21 Afzal, Muhammad & Riaz, Muhammad & Shad, Sarfraz & Ijaz, Mamuna. (2022). Assessing the resistance risk to emamectin benzoate in Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae): Selection, cross-resistance dynamics and estimates of realized heritability.. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology., 25.
22 Shankarganesh, K., Ricupero, M. & Sabtharishi, S. (2022). Field evolved insecticide resistance in the cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis and its direct and indirect impacts on the endoparasitoid Aenasius arizonensis.. Scientific Reports, 12.

Location(s) Where Resistance is Reported

# Location
1 6860 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
2 6861 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
3 9026 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
4 9027 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
5 9028 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
6 9029 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
7 9034 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
8 9035 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
9 9036 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffargarh -- 4
10 9037 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffargarh -- 4
11 9038 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffargarh -- 4
12 9039 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffargarh -- 4
13 9040 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
14 9043 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
15 9101 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
16 9102 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
17 9103 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
18 9104 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
19 9105 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
20 9106 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Sahiwal -- 4
21 9712 -- Pakistan -- Multan -- 4
22 9713 -- Pakistan -- Multan -- 4
23 9761 -- Pakistan -- 4
24 10041 -- Pakistan -- Multan -- 4
25 10436 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
26 10438 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
27 10441 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
28 10442 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
29 10443 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
30 10445 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
31 10446 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
32 10447 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
33 10448 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
34 10449 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Sahiwal -- 4
35 10450 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
36 10451 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
37 10452 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
38 10453 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
39 10454 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
40 10455 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
41 10456 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
42 10457 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
43 10458 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
44 10459 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
45 10460 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Sahiwal -- 4
46 10461 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
47 10462 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
48 10463 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
49 10464 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
50 10465 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
51 10466 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Sahiwal -- 4
52 10467 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
53 10468 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
54 10470 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
55 10472 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
56 10474 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
57 10477 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Khanewal -- 4
58 10479 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Muzaffar Garh -- 4
59 10482 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Mailsi -- 4
60 10484 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Bahawalpur -- 4
61 10755 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
62 10756 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
63 11206 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
64 11612 -- Pakistan -- Multan -- 4
65 11613 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
66 11614 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
67 11615 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Toba Tek Singh -- 4
68 11616 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
69 11617 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
70 11618 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
71 11619 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
72 11620 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
73 11621 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
74 11622 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
75 11623 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
76 11624 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
77 11625 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
78 11626 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
79 11627 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
80 11628 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
81 11629 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
82 11630 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
83 11631 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
84 11632 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
85 11633 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
86 11634 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
87 11635 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
88 11636 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
89 11637 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
90 11638 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
91 11639 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
92 11640 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Toba-tek-Singh -- 4
93 11641 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
94 11642 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
95 11643 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gojra -- 4
96 11644 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
97 11645 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
98 11646 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
99 11647 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
100 11648 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
101 11649 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
102 11650 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
103 11651 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
104 11652 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Toba-tek-Singh -- 4
105 11653 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
106 11654 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
107 11655 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gojra -- 4
108 11656 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
109 11657 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
110 11658 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
111 11659 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
112 11660 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
113 11661 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gojra -- 4
114 11662 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
115 11663 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
116 11664 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
117 11665 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Toba-tek-Singh -- 4
118 11666 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
119 11667 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
120 11668 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gojra -- 4
121 11669 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
122 11670 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
123 11671 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
124 11672 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
125 11673 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
126 11674 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
127 11675 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
128 11676 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
129 11677 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
130 11678 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Toba-tek-Singh -- 4
131 11679 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
132 11680 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
133 11681 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gojra -- 4
134 11682 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
135 11683 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
136 11684 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
137 11685 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
138 11686 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
139 11687 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
140 11688 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
141 11689 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
142 11690 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
143 11691 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
144 11692 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
145 11693 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
146 11694 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
147 11697 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
148 11699 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
149 11701 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
150 11702 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
151 11703 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
152 11704 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
153 11705 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Chiniot -- 4
154 11706 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
155 11707 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
156 11708 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
157 11709 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
158 11710 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
159 11711 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
160 11712 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
161 11713 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
162 11714 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
163 11715 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
164 11716 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
165 11717 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
166 11718 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
167 11719 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
168 11720 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
169 11721 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
170 11722 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
171 11723 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
172 11724 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
173 11725 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
174 11726 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
175 11727 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
176 11728 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
177 11729 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
178 11730 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
179 11731 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
180 11732 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
181 11733 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Toba-tek-Singh -- 4
182 11734 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
183 11735 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
184 11736 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Lahore -- 4
185 11737 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujrat -- 4
186 11738 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Gujranwata -- 4
187 11739 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Faisalabad -- 4
188 11742 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
189 11755 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
190 11891 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
191 11892 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
192 11893 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
193 12570 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- Shujabad road -- 4
194 12586 -- Pakistan -- Punyab -- Multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
195 12767 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
196 12815 -- Pakistan -- Multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
197 13311 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
198 13312 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
199 13313 -- Pakistan -- Punjab -- Multan -- 4
200 14126 -- Pakistan -- multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
201 14127 -- Pakistan -- multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
202 14128 -- Pakistan -- multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
203 14129 -- Pakistan -- multan -- Central Cotton Research Institute -- 4
204 14218 -- India -- Gujarat -- Junagadh -- 4
205 14219 -- India -- Punjab -- Ludhiana -- 4
206 14220 -- India -- Punjab -- Ludhiana -- 4
207 14221 -- India -- Maharashtra -- Saoner -- 4
208 14222 -- India -- Madhya Pradesh -- Chhindwara -- 4
209 14223 -- India -- Madhya Pradesh -- Chhindwara -- 4
210 14596 -- Pakistan -- Multan -- 4
211 14655 -- India -- Junagadh -- 4
212 14656 -- India -- Ludhiana -- 4
213 14657 -- India -- Saoner -- 4
214 14659 -- India -- Chhindwara -- 4
215 14660 -- India -- Ludhiana -- 4
216 14661 -- India -- Chhindwara -- 4

Other Reference

Google Search for phenacoccus solenopsis


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