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trialeurodes vaporariorum

Profile

Order Family Common Name(s) Group Host
homoptera aleyrodidae greenhouse whitefly AG cucumber, tomato, ornamentals

Shown Resistance to Active Ingredient(s)

  1. acephate
  2. acetamiprid
  3. bifenthrin (#3)
  4. buprofezin
  5. cyantraniliprole (#2)
  6. cypermethrin (#19)
  7. DDT
  8. deltamethrin (#3)
  9. dichlorvos
  10. dimethoate
  11. fenpropathrin
  12. imidacloprid (#10)
  13. malathion (#3)
  14. methamidophos (#28)
  15. methomyl (#12)
  16. monocrotophos (#5)
  17. parathion
  18. permethrin (#2)
  19. pirimiphos-methyl (#2)
  20. pymetrozine (#5)
  21. pyriproxyfen (#2)
  22. resmethrin (#2)
  23. spiromesifen
  24. sulfotep
  25. teflubenzuron
  26. thiacloprid
  27. thiamethoxam (#2)
  28. thionazin

Citation(s) of Resistance

# Citation
1 De Cock, A., I. Ishaaya, M. Van De Veire, and D. Degheele. (1995). Response of Buprofexin-Susceptible and -Resistant Strains of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to Pyriproxyfen and Diafenthiuron. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(4) 763-767.
2 Denholm, I., G. Devine, D. Morris, C. Furk, A. Macnicoll, M. Solomon, E. Garrod, and P. Hingley. (2001). IRAG: Minutes of 7th meeting held at HRI East Malling. Insecticide Resistance Action Group, UK, Friday May 11, 2001 Friday May 11, 2001.
3 Buitrago, N.A., C.M. Cardona, and A.G. Acosta. (1994). Niveles de resistencia a insecticidas en Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), plaga del frijol comun.. Revista Columbiana De Entomologia, Vol. 20(2) p.108-114 Vol. 20(2) p.108-114.
4 Cardona, C., F. Rendon, J. Garcia, A. Lopez-Avila, J.M. Bueno, and J.D. Ramirez. (2001). Resistencia a insecticidas en Bemisia tabaci y Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) en Colombia y Ecuador. Revista Colombiana de Entomologia, Vol. 27(1-2): 33-38 Vol. 27(1-2): 33-38.
5 Abramova, T. L. (1982). Resistance of greenhouse whitefly to insecticides.. Khimiya v Sel'skom Khozyaistve., 20 24-27.
6 Elhag & Horn 1984. (1984).
7 French, N., Ludlam, F. a. B. and Wardlow, L. R. (1973). Observations of the effects of insecticides on glasshouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westw.).. Plant Path., 22 99-107.
8 Hommes, M. (1986). Insecticide resistance in greenhouse whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westw.) to synthetic pyrethroids.. Mitteilungen aus der Biologischen Bunderanstalt fuer Land-und Forstwirtschaft., 1986 232-376.
9 Kydel, K. A. and Manko, A. V. (1986). Resistance in orangery whitefly.. Zashchita Rastenii., 6 36.
10 Laska. (1984).
11 Parr, W. J., Scopes, N. E. A., Biggerstaff, S. M., Ledieu, M. and Stacey, D. L. (1974). Progress towards an integrated control program for pests and diseases of tomatoes.. Glasshouse Crops Res. Inst. Annu. Rep., pp. 89-92.
12 Wardlow, L. R., Ludlam, F. A. B. and French, N. (1972). Insecticide resistance in glasshouse whitefly.. Nature (Lond.), 239 164-65.
13 Anon. 1974h. (1974).
14 Omer, A.D., Johnson, M.W., Tabashnik, B.W., and Ullman, D.E. (1993). Association between insecticide use and greenhouse-whitefly (Trialeurodes-Vaporariorum Westwood) resistance to insecticides in Hawaii.. Pesticide Science, 37 253-259.
15 Karatolos, N., Denholm, I., Williamson, M., Nauen, R., and Gorman, K. (2010). Incidence and characterization of resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine in the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pest Management Science.
16 Gorman, K., Devine, G., Bennison, J., Coussons, P., Punchard, N., and Denholm, I. (2007). Report of resistance to the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid in Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pest Management Science, 63 555-558.
17 Karatolos, N., Williamson, M. S., Denholm, I., Gorman, K., ffrench-Constant, R., Nauen, R. (2012). Resistance to spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum is associated with a single amino acid replacement in its target enzyme acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase. Insect Molecular Biology, 21 327-334.
18 Pappas, M., Migkou, F., and Broufas, G. (2013). Incidence of resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides in greenhouse populations of the whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) from Greece. Applied Entomology and Zoology, 48 373-378.
19 Longhurst, C., Babcock, J., Denholm, I., Gorman, K., Thomas, J., and Sparks, T. (2013). Cross-resistance relationships of the sulfoximine insecticide sulfoxaflor with neonicotinoids and other insecticides in the whiteflies Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Pest Management Science, 69 809-813.
20 Karatolos, N., Williamson, M., Denholm, I., Gorman, K., and ffrench-Constant, R. (2012). Over-Expression of a Cytochrome p450 Is Associated with Resistance to Pyriproxyfen in the Greenhouse Whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum. PLoS ONE, 7.
21 Karatolos, N., Gorman, K., Williamson, M. S., and Denholm, I. (2012). Mutations in the sodium channel associated with pyrethroid resistance in the greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum. Pest Management Science, 68 834-838.
22 Ovcarenko, I., Lindstrom, L., Saikkonen, K., and Vanninen, I. (2014). Variation in mortality among populations is higher for pymetrozine than for imidacloprid and spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses in Finland. Pest Management Science.
23 Moreno I., Belando A., Grávalos, C., and Bielza, P.*. (2018). Baseline susceptibility of Mediterranean strains of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) to cyantraniliprole. 70.
24 Moreno, I., Belando, A., Grávalos, C., and Bielza P. (2018). Baseline susceptibility of Mediterranean strains of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) to cyantraniliprole. Pest Manag Sci, 74 1552-1557.

Location(s) Where Resistance is Reported

# Location
1 14 -- Belgium -- 4
2 36 -- Czechoslovakia -- 4
3 57 -- Germany -- 4
4 154 -- United Kingdom -- 4
5 158 -- USSR -- 4
6 177 -- USA -- Hawaii -- 4
7 214 -- USA -- Ohio -- 4
8 496 -- Ecuador -- San Vicente -- 4
9 497 -- Ecuador -- Turquisal -- 4
10 498 -- Ecuador -- Ibarra -- 4
11 499 -- Colombia -- Narino -- El Tambo -- 4
12 500 -- Colombia -- Narino -- Gualmatan -- 4
13 501 -- Ecuador -- Pimampiro -- 4
14 502 -- Colombia -- Narino -- Fumes -- 4
15 503 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Pradera 2 -- 4
16 504 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Pradera 1 -- 4
17 505 -- Colombia -- Cauca -- Pescador -- 4
18 507 -- Colombia -- Antioquia -- El Penol -- 4
19 508 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Tenerife 2 -- 4
20 509 -- Colombia -- Antioquia -- Carmen de Viboral -- 4
21 510 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Tenerife 1 -- 4
22 511 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Cerrito -- 4
23 512 -- Colombia -- Antioquia -- Rionegro -- 4
24 513 -- Colombia -- Huila -- Garzon -- 4
25 514 -- Colombia -- Huila -- Rivera -- 4
26 515 -- Colombia -- Cundinamarca -- Bojaca -- 4
27 516 -- Colombia -- Cundinamarca -- Fosca -- 4
28 517 -- Colombia -- Boyaca -- Tinjaca -- 4
29 518 -- Colombia -- Norte de Santander -- Abrego -- 4
30 519 -- Colombia -- Santander -- Lebrija -- 4
31 520 -- Colombia -- Cordoba -- Cerete 1 -- 4
32 522 -- Colombia -- Cordoba -- Cienaga de Oro -- 4
33 523 -- Colombia -- Sucre -- Corozal 2 -- 4
34 524 -- Colombia -- Sucre -- Sampues -- 4
35 525 -- Colombia -- Cordoba -- Cerete 2 -- 4
36 526 -- Colombia -- Sucre -- Corozal 1 -- 4
37 527 -- Colombia -- Cordoba -- Cotorra -- 4
38 528 -- Colombia -- Cordoba -- Monteria -- 4
39 529 -- Colombia -- Guajira -- Manaure -- 4
40 530 -- Colombia -- Atlantico -- Repelon -- 4
41 531 -- Colombia -- Cundinamarca -- Fusagusuga -- 4
42 532 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Tenerife -- 4
43 533 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Tocota -- 4
44 534 -- Colombia -- Valle del Cauca -- Otono -- 4
45 535 -- Colombia -- Antioquia -- Fusagusuga -- 4
46 2898 -- United Kingdom -- 4
47 2899 -- Spain -- 4
48 2900 -- China -- 4
49 2901 -- Germany -- 4
50 4575 -- Netherlands -- 4
51 4579 -- France -- Brittany -- 4
52 4618 -- Germany -- 4
53 5853 -- Afghanistan -- 4
54 6170 -- Greece -- Polygyros -- Ormylia -- 4
55 6629 -- United Kingdom -- 4
56 6630 -- Spain -- 4
57 6631 -- Italy -- 4
58 6647 -- Germany -- 4
59 6648 -- Germany -- 4
60 6699 -- United Kingdom -- 4
61 6700 -- Turkey -- 4
62 6701 -- Germany -- 4
63 9030 -- Finland -- Ostrobothnia -- 4
64 9032 -- Finland -- Ostrobothnia -- 4
65 9033 -- Finland -- Ostrobothnia -- 4
66 12369 -- Greece -- Palaifyto -- Central Macedonia -- 4
67 12483 -- Greece -- Central Macedonia -- Pella -- 4

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