Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: xenopsylla cheopis

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
siphonaptera	pulicidae	oriental rat flea. tropical rat flea	MED	livestock, human

Active Ingredient: DDT

MOA: Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group: OCL	CAS #: 50293	Shaugnessy Code: 29201

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G3892	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Brazil	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3893	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	China	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3894	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Indonesia	Sustriayu, N., Sudomo, M., Kusharyono, C. and Lim, B. L. (1980). Susceptibility to DDT, malathion, fenitrothion, and dieldrin of three flea species in the Boyolali plague endemic area, central Java, Indonesia.. Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2 108-12.
G3895	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	Madagascar	WHO 1980. (1980).
G3271	1976	Field Evolved Resistance	Burma	WHO 1976. (1976).
G3272	1976	Field Evolved Resistance	Egypt	WHO 1976. (1976).
G3273	1976	Field Evolved Resistance	Israel	WHO 1976. (1976).
G3274	1976	Field Evolved Resistance	Philippines	WHO 1976. (1976).
G1139	1966	Field Evolved Resistance	Taiwan	WHO. (1966). Summary of tests reported to ME/RTI from 1 September 1965 to 28 February 1966 showing abnormal physiological responses of anophelines to insecticides.. WHO Inf. Circ. Insecticide Resistance., 56 30.
G1140	1966	Field Evolved Resistance	Thailand	WHO 1966a. (1966).
G982	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	Vietnam	Chow, C. Y. (1965). Plague in Viet Nam and DDT resistance in the flea vector (Xenopsylla cheopsis).. WHO. Inf. Circ. Insecticide Resistance., 54 6.
G245	1960	Field Evolved Resistance	India	Patel, T. B., Bhatia, S. C. and Deobhankar, R. B. (1960). A confirmed case of DDT resistance in Xenopsylla cheopis in India.. Bull. WHO, 23 301-12.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.