Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: phyllonorycter blancardella

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	gracillariidae	spotted tentiform leafminer	AG	apple

Active Ingredient: cypermethrin

MOA: Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group: PYR	CAS #: 52315078	Shaugnessy Code: 109702

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G4358	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	Philippines	Marshall, D.B., and D.J. Pree. (1986). Effects of Pyrethroid insecticides on Eggs and Larvae of resistant and susceptible populations of spotted tentiform leafminer. Canadian Entomologist, 118 1123-1130.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.