Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: spodoptera frugiperda

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	fall armyworm	AG	cotton, grains, grasses, sugarcane

Active Ingredient: chlorpyrifos

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 2921882	Shaugnessy Code: 59101

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G23202	2024	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punyab-- Multan	Zaidi, S. W. N., Saddiq, B., Afzal, M. B. S., Banazeer, A., Serrão, J. E., Farooq, U., & Baloch, M. A. Z. (2024). First report of resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to lambda-cyhalothrin from Pakistan: baseline susceptibility, selection, occurrence of cross-resistance, realized heritability, and inheritance mode of resistance. Journal of Economic Entomology.
G22541	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Brazil-- Bahia	do Nascimento, A. R. B., Rodrigues, J. G., Kanno, R. H., de Amaral, F. S. A. E., Malaquias, J. B., Silva-Brandão, K. L., Cônsoli, F. L., & Omoto, C. (2023). Susceptibility monitoring and comparative gene expression of susceptible and resistant strains of Spodoptera frugiperda to lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos. Pest management science, 79.
G22102	2023	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	China-- Guangdong-- Zhongluotan	Su, X. N., Li, C. Y., & Zhang, Y. P. (2023). Chlorpyrifos and chlorfenapyr resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) relies on UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. Journal of economic entomology, 116 1329–1341.
G21987	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Guangdong	Su, X. N., Li, C. Y., & Zhang, Y. P. (2023). Chlorpyrifos and chlorfenapyr resistance in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) relies on UDP-glucuronosyltransferases. . Journal of economic entomology, 116 1329-1341.
G21079	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Yunnan-- Xundian	Dan-dan Zhang, Yu-tao Xiao, Peng-jun Xu, Xian-ming Yang, Qiu-lin W and Kong-ming Wu. (2021). Insecticide resistance monitoring for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China.. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20 783-791.
G21229	2021	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil-- Rio Grande do Sul	Garlet, C.G., Gubiani, P.d.S., Palharini, R.B., Moreira, R.P., Godoy, D.N., Farias, J.R. and Bernardi, O. (2021). Field-evolved resistance to chlorpyrifos by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Inheritance mode, cross-resistance patterns, and synergism. Pest Management Science, 77 5367-5376.
G21150	2021	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil-- Tupanciretã-- Rio Grande do Sul	Garlet, C. G., Gubiani, P. S., Palharini, R. B., Moreira, R. P., Godoy, D. N., Farias, J. R., and Bernardi, O. (2021). Field-evolved resistance to chlorpyrifos by Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Inheritance mode, cross-resistance patterns, and synergism. Pest Management Science.
G21080	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Yunnan-- Yuanmou	Dan-dan Zhang, Yu-tao Xiao, Peng-jun Xu, Xian-ming Yang, Qiu-lin W and Kong-ming Wu. (2021). Insecticide resistance monitoring for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China.. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20 783-791.
G21078	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Fujian-- Quanzhou	Dan-dan Zhang, Yu-tao Xiao, Peng-jun Xu, Xian-ming Yang, Qiu-lin W and Kong-ming Wu. (2021). Insecticide resistance monitoring for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China.. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20 783-791.
G21077	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Tibet-- Linzhi	Dan-dan Zhang, Yu-tao Xiao, Peng-jun Xu, Xian-ming Yang, Qiu-lin W and Kong-ming Wu. (2021). Insecticide resistance monitoring for the invasive populations of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda in China.. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20 783-791.
G20023	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Puerto Rico-- Ponce	Gutiérrez-Moreno, R., Mota-Sanchez, D., Blanco, C. A., Whalon, M. E., Terán-Santofimio, H., Rodriguez-Maciel, J. C., and DiFonzo, C. (2018). Field-evolved resistance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to synthetic insecticides in Puerto Rico and Mexico. Journal of Economic Entomology.
G20026	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Oaxaca-- San Pablo Huitzo	Gutiérrez-Moreno, R., Mota-Sanchez, D., Blanco, C. A., Whalon, M. E., Terán-Santofimio, H., Rodriguez-Maciel, J. C., and DiFonzo, C. (2018). Field-evolved resistance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to synthetic insecticides in Puerto Rico and Mexico. Journal of Economic Entomology.
G20025	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Coahuila-- Torreon	Gutiérrez-Moreno, R., Mota-Sanchez, D., Blanco, C. A., Whalon, M. E., Terán-Santofimio, H., Rodriguez-Maciel, J. C., and DiFonzo, C. (2018). Field-evolved resistance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to synthetic insecticides in Puerto Rico and Mexico. Journal of Economic Entomology.
G20024	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Sonora-- Huatabampo	Gutiérrez-Moreno, R., Mota-Sanchez, D., Blanco, C. A., Whalon, M. E., Terán-Santofimio, H., Rodriguez-Maciel, J. C., and DiFonzo, C. (2018). Field-evolved resistance of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to synthetic insecticides in Puerto Rico and Mexico. Journal of Economic Entomology.
G19376	2013	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil-- Minas Gerais	Carvalho, R.A., Omoto, C., Field, L.M., Williamson, M.S., and Bass, C. (2013). Investigating the Molecular Mechanisms of Organophosphate and Pyrethroid Resistance in the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda. PLOS ONE, 8.
G5381	1992	Unspecified	USA-- Florida	Yu, S.J. (1992). Detection and Biochemical Characterization of insecticide resistance in Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 85(3) 675-682.
G19716	1991	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Florida-- Gainesville	Yu, S. J. (1991). Insecticide resistance in the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Pesticide biochemistry and physiology, 39 84-91.
G21986	2023	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil	do Nascimento, A. R. B., Rodrigues, J. G., Kanno, R. H., de Amaral, F. S. A. E., Malaquias, J. B., Silva-Brandão, K. L., Cônsoli, F. L., & Omoto, C. (2023). Susceptibility monitoring and comparative gene expression of susceptible and resistant strains of Spodoptera frugiperda to lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos.. Pest management science, 79 6.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.