Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: culex quinquefasciatus

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
diptera	culicidae	southern house mosquito	MED

Active Ingredient: Bacillus sphaericus C3-41

MOA: Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus sphaericus
Group: BAC	CAS #: 0	Shaugnessy Code: 0

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G15723	2013	Lab selected*	China-- Hubei	Guo, Q., Cai, Q., Yan, J., Hu, X., Zheng, D., and Yuan, Z. (2013). Single nucleotide deletion of cqm1 gene results in the development of resistance to Bacillus sphaericus in Culex quinquefasciatus. Journal of Insect Physiology, 59 967-973.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.