Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: Busseola fusca

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	Corn stalk borer	AG	Corn

Active Ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab

MOA: Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus thuringiensis (variety unstated)
Group: BAC	CAS #: 0	Shaugnessy Code: 0

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G19970	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	South Africa-- North West-- Ventersdorp	Strydom, E., Erasmus, A., du Plessis, H., and Van den Berg, J. (2018). Resistance Status of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations to single- and stacked-gene Bt maize in South Africa. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-11.
G19971	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	South Africa-- North West-- Christiana	Strydom, E., Erasmus, A., du Plessis, H., and Van den Berg, J. (2018). Resistance Status of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations to single- and stacked-gene Bt maize in South Africa. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-11.
G19972	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	South Africa-- North West	Strydom, E., Erasmus, A., du Plessis, H., and Van den Berg, J. (2018). Resistance Status of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations to single- and stacked-gene Bt maize in South Africa. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-11.
G19973	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	South Africa-- North West	Strydom, E., Erasmus, A., du Plessis, H., and Van den Berg, J. (2018). Resistance Status of Busseola fusca (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) populations to single- and stacked-gene Bt maize in South Africa. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-11.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.