Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: ostrinia nubilalis

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	pyralidae	european corn borer	AG	corn

Active Ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1F

MOA: Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus thuringiensis (variety unstated)
Group: BAC	CAS #:	Shaugnessy Code:

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G21955	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Truro, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21956	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Truro, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21957	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Truro, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21958	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Truro, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21959	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Kingston	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21960	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Masstown, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21961	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Parrsboro, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21962	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Nappan, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21963	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Berwick, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21964	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Saint-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Quebec	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G21965	2023	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., and Farhan, Y. (2023). Monitoring resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Canada to Cry toxins produced by Bt corn. Journal of Economic Entomology, 116(3) 916-926.
G20461	2019	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., Farhan, Y., and Schaafsma, A. W. (2019). Practical resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: crambidae) to Cry1F Bacillus thuringiensis maize discovered in nova Scotia, Canada. Scientific Reports, 9 18247.
G20462	2019	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Nova Scotia	Smith, J. L., Farhan, Y., and Schaafsma, A. W. (2019). Practical resistance of Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: crambidae) to Cry1F Bacillus thuringiensis maize discovered in nova Scotia, Canada. Scientific Reports, 9 18247.
G8160	2008	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	USA	Pereira, Eliseu J.G., Lang, Bruce A., Storer, Nicholas P., and Siegfriend, Blair D. (2008). Selection for Cry1F resistance in the European corn borer and cross-resistance to other Cry toxins. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata , 126 115-121.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.