Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: earias vittella

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	the spotted bollworm	AG	cotton

Active Ingredient: Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Dipel)

MOA: Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membranes (includes transgenic crops), Bacillus sphaericus
Group: BAC	CAS #:	Shaugnessy Code:

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G21333	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21334	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Multan	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21335	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Shujabad	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21336	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Jalalpur	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21337	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Basti Malook	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21338	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Faisalabad	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21339	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Jaranwala	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21340	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Sammundri	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.
G21341	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Tandliawala	Ahmad, S.F., Gulzar, A., Tariq, M., & Asad, M.J. (2021). Field Evolved Resistance in Earias vittella (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) From Punjab, Pakistan Against Commercial Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki.. Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 2204 - 2213.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.