Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: rhopalosiphum padi

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
homoptera	aphididae	oat aphid	AG	wheat

Active Ingredient: bifenthrin

MOA: Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group: PYR	CAS #: 82657043	Shaugnessy Code: 128825

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G21288	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Shaanxi	Kang Wang, Jun Ning Zhao, Jiao Yang Bai, Yun Zhu Shang, Si Qian Zhang, Yi Fan Hou, Mao Hua Chen, and Zhao Jun Han. (2021). Pyrethroid Resistance and Fitness Cost Conferred by the super-kdr Mutation M918L in Rhopalosiphum padi (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 114 1789–1795.
G20957	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region-- Hulun Buir	Gong P., Li X., Gao, H., Wang, C.,Li, M. , Zhang, Y.,Li, X.,Liu, E., and Zhu, X. (2021). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organophosphates and macrolides in Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from China. Chemosphere, 269.
G20958	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Shaaxi	Gong P., Li X., Gao, H., Wang, C.,Li, M. , Zhang, Y.,Li, X.,Liu, E., and Zhu, X. (2021). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organophosphates and macrolides in Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from China. Chemosphere, 269.
G20959	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Jiangsu-- Xinxiang	Gong P., Li X., Gao, H., Wang, C.,Li, M. , Zhang, Y.,Li, X.,Liu, E., and Zhu, X. (2021). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organophosphates and macrolides in Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from China. Chemosphere, 269.
G20960	2021	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region-- Kashgar	Gong P., Li X., Gao, H., Wang, C.,Li, M. , Zhang, Y.,Li, X.,Liu, E., and Zhu, X. (2021). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organophosphates and macrolides in Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from China. Chemosphere, 269.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.