Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: tetranychus urticae

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
acari	tetranychidae	twospotted spider mite	AG	cotton, fruits, vegetables, walnut, ornamentals

Active Ingredient: bifenazate

MOA: Unknown Mode of Action (general), Undetermined MOA
Group: MISC	CAS #: 149877-41-8	Shaugnessy Code: 586

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G17138	2014	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Beijing-- Changping	Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17129	2014	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Beijing-- Haidian	Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17137	2014	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Beijing-- Huairou	Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17139	2014	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Beijing-- Haidian	Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G15090	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Cyprus-- Arediou	Vassiliou, V. A., and Kitsis, P. (2013). Acaricide resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations from cyprus. Journal of Economic Entomology, 106 1848-1854.
G17112	2014	Lab selected*	China-- Shandong-- Tai'an	Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G17113	2014	Lab selected*	China-- Shandong-- Tai'an	Tang, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, Q., Xie, W., and Wang, S. (2014). Stage-Specific Expression of Resistance to Different Acaricides in Four Field Populations of Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(5) 1900-1907.
G9050	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Belgium-- Ghent	Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
G9045	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Germany	Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
G9046	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Netherlands-- Nieuwveen	Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
G9047	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Netherlands-- Hoek van Holland	Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
G9048	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Netherlands-- Hoek van Holland	Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
G9049	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Netherlands-- Tuil	Van Nieuwenhuyse, P., Van Leeuwen, T., Khajehali, J., Vanholme, B., and Tirry, L. (2009). Mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b of Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) confer cross-resistance between bifenazate and acequinocyl. Pest Management Science, 65 404-412.
G7286	2005	Unspecified	Belgium	Van Leeuwen, T., Pottelberge, S.V., Tirry, L. (2005). Comparative acaricide susceptibility and detoxifying enzyme activties in field-collected resistant and susceptible strains of Tetranychus urticae.. Pest Management Science, 61 499-507.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.