Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: alabama argillacea

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	cotton leafworm	AG	cotton

Active Ingredient: toxaphene

MOA: GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, Cyclodiene organochlorines
Group: CYCLO	CAS #: 8001-35-2	Shaugnessy Code: 80501

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G949	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana	Newsom, L.D. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
G131	1957	Field Evolved Resistance	Venezuela	Newsom, L.D. (1957). In: Brown 1971.
G67	1954	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Texas	Ivy, E. E. and Scales, A. L. (1954). Are cotton insects becoming resistant to insecticides? J.. Econ. Entomol., 47 981-84.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.