Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: trichoplusia ni

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	cabbage looper	AG	crucifers

Active Ingredient: toxaphene

MOA: GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, Cyclodiene organochlorines
Group: CYCLO	CAS #: 8001-35-2	Shaugnessy Code: 80501

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G1250	1967	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Arizona	(1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
G1251	1967	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- South Carolina	(1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
G871	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- California	Shorey, H.H. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
G872	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- North Carolina	Brett, C. H. and Chalfant, P. B. (1965). In: FAO 1967.
G125	1957	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Florida	Genung, W. G. (1957). Some possible cases of insect resistance to insecticides in Florida.. Proc. Fla. Sta. Hort. Soc., 70 148-52.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.