| Order | Family | Common Name(s) | Group | Host |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| coleoptera | tenebrionidae | red flour beetle | AG | stored grain, peanuts, sorghum |
| MOA: Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (allosteric), Spinosyns | ||
| Group: SPIN | CAS #: 131929-60-7 | Shaugnessy Code: 110003 |
| Case Id | Year of Report | Type of Resistance | Location | Reference |
| G22123 | 2023 |
Lab selected after field-evolved resistance** |
Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan |
Khalid, Iqra & Kamran, Muhammad & Abubakar, Muhammad & Khizar, Mishal & Shad, Sarfraz. (2023). Effect of autosomally inherited, incompletely dominant, and unstable spinosad resistance on physiology of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae): Realized heritability and cross-resistance.. Journal of Stored Products Research. |
| G15681 | 2012 |
Lab selected* |
Pakistan | Awan, D., Saleem, M., Nadeem, M., and Shakoori, A. R. (2012). Toxicological and Biochemical Studies on Spinosad and Synergism with Piperonyl Butoxide in Susceptible and Resistant Strains of Tribolium castaneum. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 44 649-662. |
