Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: heliothis virescens

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	tobacco budworm	AG	chickpea, corn, cotton, tobacco

Active Ingredient: spinosad

MOA: Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists (allosteric), Spinosyns
Group: SPIN	CAS #: 131929-60-7	Shaugnessy Code: 110003

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G8708	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Mississippi-- Leland	Sayyed, A. H., Ahmad, M., and Crickmore, N. (2008). Fitness Cost Limit the Development of Resistance to Indoxacarb and Deltamethrin in Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1927-1933.
G8711	2008	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	USA-- Mississippi-- Leland	Sayyed, A. H., Ahmad, M., and Crickmore, N. (2008). Fitness Cost Limit the Development of Resistance to Indoxacarb and Deltamethrin in Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1927-1933.
G11770	2003	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	USA-- North Carolina	Young, H.P., Bailey, W.D., Roe, R.M. (2003). Spinosad selection of a laboratory strain of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and characterization of resistance. Crop Protection, 22 265-273.
G11771	2003	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	USA-- North Carolina	Young, H.P., Bailey, W.D., Roe, R.M. (2003). Spinosad selection of a laboratory strain of the tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and characterization of resistance. Crop Protection, 22 265-273.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.