Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: helicoverpa armigera

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	cotton bollworm	AG	cotton, corn, sorghum, tomato

Active Ingredient: profenofos

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 41198087	Shaugnessy Code: 111401

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G17214	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Bahawalpur	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17227	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Sheikhupura	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17226	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Sargodha	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17225	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Sahiwal	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17224	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Rawalpindi	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17223	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Pakpattan	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17222	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Okara	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17221	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Muzzafargarh	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17220	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17219	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17218	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Khanewal	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17217	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Gujranwala	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17216	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17215	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Chiniot	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17213	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Bahawalnagar	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G13920	2012	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G13902	2012	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G13899	2012	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G13869	2012	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G9672	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Bahawalpur	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39 159-167.
G9671	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39 159-167.
G9670	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39 159-167.
G9669	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39 159-167.
G9668	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39 159-167.
G9667	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A., Ali, A. (2009). Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39 159-167.
G5627	1995	Unspecified	Pakistan-- Muzaffargarh	Ahmad, M., M.I. Arif, and Z. Ahmad. (1995). Monitoring Insecticide Resistance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(4) 771-776.
G7641	1995	Unspecified	Pakistan-- Hyderabad	Ahmad, M., M.I. Arif, and Z. Ahmad. (1995). Monitoring Insecticide Resistance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(4) 771-776.
G7640	1995	Unspecified	Pakistan-- Lodhran	Ahmad, M., M.I. Arif, and Z. Ahmad. (1995). Monitoring Insecticide Resistance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(4) 771-776.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.