Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: musca domestica

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
diptera	muscidae	house fly	MED

Active Ingredient: profenofos

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 41198087	Shaugnessy Code: 111401

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G17920	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lodhran	Abbas, N., Shad, S., and Ismail, M. (2015). Resistance to Conventional and New Insecticides in House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Poultry Facilities in Punjab, Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology, 1-8.
G18195	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Khan, H., Akram, W., and Iqbal, N. (2015). Selection and Preliminary Mechanism of Resistance to Profenofos in Field Strain of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Medical Entomology , 52 1013-1017.
G18197	2015	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Khan, H., Akram, W., and Iqbal, N. (2015). Selection and Preliminary Mechanism of Resistance to Profenofos in Field Strain of Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Medical Entomology , 52 1013-1017.
G17185	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Ali Khan, H., Akram, W., and Haider, M. (2015). Genetics and mechanism of resistance to deltamethrin in the house fly, Musca domestica L., from Pakistan. Ecotoxicology, 24(6) 1213-1220.
G17210	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Abbas, N., Crickmore, N., and Ali Shad, S. (2015). Efficacy of insecticide mixtures against a resistant strain of house fly (Diptera: Muscidae) collected from a poultry farm. International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, 35 (1) 48-53.
G15111	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Shorkot	Khan, H. A. A., Akram, W., and Shad, S. A. (2013). Resistance to conventional insecticides in Pakistani populations of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae): a potential ectoparasite of dairy animals. Ecotoxicology, 22 522-527.
G15112	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Okara	Khan, H. A. A., Akram, W., and Shad, S. A. (2013). Resistance to conventional insecticides in Pakistani populations of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae): a potential ectoparasite of dairy animals. Ecotoxicology, 22 522-527.
G15114	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Khan, H. A. A., Akram, W., and Shad, S. A. (2013). Resistance to conventional insecticides in Pakistani populations of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae): a potential ectoparasite of dairy animals. Ecotoxicology, 22 522-527.
G15115	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Sargodha	Khan, H. A. A., Akram, W., and Shad, S. A. (2013). Resistance to conventional insecticides in Pakistani populations of Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae): a potential ectoparasite of dairy animals. Ecotoxicology, 22 522-527.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.