Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: spodoptera litura

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	mediterranean climbing cutworm	AG	Tobacco

Active Ingredient: phoxim

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 14816183	Shaugnessy Code: 598800

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G16658	2010	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Guangdong-- Guangzhou	Xue, M., Pang, Y., Li, Q., and Liu, T. (2010). Effects of four host plants on susceptibility of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae to five insecticides and activities of detoxification esterases. Pest Management Science, 66 1273-1279.
G8079	2007	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Ahmad, Mushtaq, Arif, M. Iqbal, and Ahmad, Munir. (2007). Occurrence of insecticide resistance in field populations of Spodoptera liturra (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 26 809-817.
G7492	2007	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	China-- Anhui-- Hexian County	Huang, Shuijin, and Han Zhaojun. (2007). Mechanisms for multiple resistance in field populations of common cutworm, Spodotera Litura ( Fabricius) in China. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology, 87 14-22.
G7501	2007	Lab selected* Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	China-- Anhui-- Hexian County	Huang, Shuijin, and Han Zhaojun. (2007). Mechanisms for multiple resistance in field populations of common cutworm, Spodotera Litura ( Fabricius) in China. Pesticide Biochemistry & Physiology, 87 14-22.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.