Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: haematobia irritans

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
diptera	muscidae	horn fly	MED	livestock

Active Ingredient: permethrin

MOA: Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group: PYR	CAS #: 52645-53-1	Shaugnessy Code: 109701

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G15476	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Domingues, L. N., Guerrero, F. D., Becker, M. E., Alison, M. W., and Foil, L. D. (2013). Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parisitology, 198 172-179.
G15474	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Domingues, L. N., Guerrero, F. D., Becker, M. E., Alison, M. W., and Foil, L. D. (2013). Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parisitology, 198 172-179.
G15472	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Domingues, L. N., Guerrero, F. D., Becker, M. E., Alison, M. W., and Foil, L. D. (2013). Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parisitology, 198 172-179.
G15468	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Domingues, L. N., Guerrero, F. D., Becker, M. E., Alison, M. W., and Foil, L. D. (2013). Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parisitology, 198 172-179.
G15467	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Domingues, L. N., Guerrero, F. D., Becker, M. E., Alison, M. W., and Foil, L. D. (2013). Discovery of the Rdl mutation in association with a cyclodiene resistant population of horn flies, Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae). Veterinary Parisitology, 198 172-179.
G8693	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Texas-- Kerrville	Li, A. Y., Miller, J. A., and Klavons, J. A. (2008). Release of Piperonyl Butoxide and Permethrin from Synergized Ear Tags on Cattle and Effects on Horn Fly Mortality. Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1697-1703.
G7396	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- St. Joseph	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7390	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Bossier City	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7382	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7389	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Bossier City	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7381	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7395	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- St. Joseph	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7380	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7394	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- St. Joseph	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7388	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Bossier City	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7393	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- St. Joseph	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7387	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Bossier City	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G7379	2006	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana-- Winnsboro	Oremus, G., Guerrero, F.D., Alison Jr., M.W., Kimball, M.M., Kim, J.H., and Foil, L.D. (2006). Effects of mid-season avermectin treatments on the pyrethroid resistance in horn fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations at three locations in Louisiana. Veterinary Parasitology, 141 156-164.
G5600	1995	Unspecified	USA-- Kentucky-- Henson	Cilek, J.E., D.L. Dahlman, and F.W. Knapp. (1995). Possible Mechanism of Diazinon Negative Cross-Resisance in Pyrethroid resistant Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 88(3) 520-524.
G5465	1993	Unspecified	USA	Mckenzie C.L., and R.L. Byford. (1993). Continuous, Alternating, and Mixed Insecticides Affect Development of resistance in the Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 86(4) 1040-1048.
G5298	1991	Unspecified	USA-- Arkansas	Cilek, J.E., C.D. Steelman, and F.W. Knapp. (1991). Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) Insecticide Resistance in Kentucky and Arkansas. Journal of Economic Entomology, 84(3) 756-762.
G5278	1990	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Illinois	Weinzierl, R.A., C.D. Schmidt, D.B. Faulkner, G.F. Cmarik, and G.D. Zinn. (1990). Chronology of Permethrin Resistance in a Southern Illinois Population of the Horn Fly (Diptera: Muscidae) During and After Selection by Pyrethroid Use. Journal of Economic Entomology, 83(3) 690-697.
G4703	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Kentucky	Cilek, J. E. and Knapp, F. W. (1986). A field test kit for the determination of insecticide resistance in horn fly populations.. J. Agric. Entomol., 3 201-206.
G4702	1986	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- California	Dunning, L. L., Johnson, W. H., Knight, R. S., Loomis, E. C., McDougald, N. K., Smith, P. D. and Wilson, C. B. (1986). Horn fly resistance to pyrethroids.. Calif. Agric., 40 8-10.
G4297	1985	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Florida	Schmidt, C. D., Kunz, S. E., Peterson, H. D. and Robertson, J. L. (1985). Susceptibility of hornflies (Diptera: Muscidae) to permethrin and fenvalerate.. J. Econ. Entomol., 78 402-06.
G4198	1984	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Nebraska	Keith, D.L. (1984). Personal communication.
G4197	1984	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana	Quisenberry, S. S., Lockwood, J. A. , Byford, R. L., Wilson, H. K. and Sparks, T. C. (1984). Pyrethroid resistance in the horn fly haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) J.. Econ. Entomol., 77 1095-98.
G4026	1982	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- Queensland	Schnitzerling, H. J., Noble, P. J., Macqueen, A. and Durham, R. J. (1982). Resistance of the bufallo fly, Haematobia irritans exigua (DeMeijere), to two synthetic pyrethroids and DDT.. J. Aust. Ent. Soc., 21 77-80.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.