Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: heliothis virescens

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	tobacco budworm	AG	chickpea, corn, cotton, tobacco

Active Ingredient: parathion-methyl

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 298000	Shaugnessy Code: 53501

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G6228	2005	Unspecified	Mexico-- Tamaulipas-- Sur de Tamaulipas	Teran-Vargas, A.P., Rodriguez, J.C., Blanco, C.A., Martinez-Carrillo, J.L., Cibrian-Tovar, J., Sanchez-Arroyo, H., Rodriguez-del-Bosque, L.A., Stanley, D. (2005). Bollgard Cotton and Resistance of Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Conventional Insecticides in Southern Tamaulipas, Mexico. Journal of Economic Entomology, 98(6) 2203-2209.
G5092	1989	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Texas	Campanhola, C., and F.W. Plapp, Jr. (1989). Toxicity and Synergism of Insecticides against Susceptible and Pyrethroid-Resistant Neonate Larvae and Adults of the Tobacco Budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 82(6) 1527-1533.
G4066	1982	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- South Carolina	Brown, T. M., Bryson, K. and Payne, G. T. (1982). Pyrethroid susceptibility in methyl-parathion resistant tobacco budworm in South Carolina.. J. Econ. Entomol., 75 301-03.
G3999	1981	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Tennessee	Sparks, T. C. (1981). Development of insecticide resistance in Heliothis zea and Heliothis virescens in North America.. Bull. Entomol. Soc. Am., 27 186-92.
G3879	1980	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- California	Twine, P. H. and Reynolds, H. T. (1980). Relative susceptibility and resistance of the tobacco budworm to methyl parathion and synthetic pyrethroids in southern California.. J. Econ. Entomol., 73 239-42.
G3551	1979	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Arizona	Crowder, L. A., Tollefson, M. S. and Watson, T. F. (1979). Dosage-mortality studies of synthetic pyrethroids and methyl parathionon the tobacco budworm in Central Arizona.. J. Econ. Entomol., 72 1-3.
G2628	1974	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Georgia-- Ashburn	Canerday, T. D. (1974). Response of bollworm and tobacco budworm in Georgia to methyl parathion... J. Econ. Entomol., 67 299.
G2629	1964	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Louisiana	Graves, J. B., Clower, D. F., Bagent, J. L. and Bradley, J. R. (1964). Bollworms increasing in resistance to insecticides.. La. Agric., 7 3.
G2050	1972	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Mississippi	Harris, F. A. (1972). Resistance to methyl parathion and toxaphene-DDT in bollworm and tobacco budworm from cotton in Mississippi.. J. Econ. Entomol., 65 1193-94.
G1906	1971	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico	Plapp, F. W., Jr. (1971). Insecticide resistance in Heliothis: Tolerance in larvae of H.. virescens as compared with H. zea to organophosphate insecticides. J. Econ. Entomol., 64 999-1002.
G1708	1970	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Texas	Whitten, C. J. and Bull, D. L. (1970). Resistance to organophosphours insecticides in tobacco budworms.. J. Econ. Entomol., 63 1492-95.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.