Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: tetranychus urticae

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
acari	tetranychidae	twospotted spider mite	AG	cotton, fruits, vegetables, walnut, ornamentals

Active Ingredient: milbemectin

MOA: Chloride channel activators, Avermectins, Milbemycins
Group: ABM	CAS #: 0	Shaugnessy Code: 0

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G20369	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Italy	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20368	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	United Kingdom	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20364	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Italy	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20365	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	United Kingdom	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20366	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20367	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Belgium	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru,C., Inark, E., Dermauw,and Leeuwen, T.V. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science.
G20552	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Italy-- Scicily-- Granieri	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20549	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Belgium-- Flemish-- Merelbeke	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20547	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	United Kingdom-- Vittoria	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20545	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	United Kingdom-- Essex-- Nazeing	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20546	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Italy-- Ragusa-- Comiso	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20548	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Sevilla	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G20550	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	United Kingdom-- Worcestershire	Xue, W., Snoeck, S., Njiru, C., Inak, E., Dermauwa, W., and Van Leeuwen, T. (2020). Geographical distribution and molecular insights into abamectin and milbemectin cross-resistance in European field populations of Tetranychus urticae. Pest Management Science, 76 2569-2581.
G18635	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Brazil-- Pernambuco-- Brejao	Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G18634	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Brazil-- Pernambuco-- Bonito	Ferreira, C., Andrade, F., Rodrigues, A., Siqueira, H., and Gondim Jr., M. (2015). Resistance in field populations of Tetranychus urticae to acaricides and characterization of the inheritance of abamectin resistance. Crop Protection, 67 77-83.
G10579	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil-- Sao Paulo	Nicastro, R., Sato, M., Silva, M. (2009). Milbemectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): selection, stability and cross resistance to abamectin . Experimenal and Applied Acarology.
G10578	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil-- Sao Paulo	Nicastro, R., Sato, M., Silva, M. (2009). Milbemectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): selection, stability and cross resistance to abamectin . Experimenal and Applied Acarology.
G10576	2009	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Brazil-- Sao Paulo	Nicastro, R., Sato, M., Silva, M. (2009). Milbemectin resistance in Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae): selection, stability and cross resistance to abamectin . Experimenal and Applied Acarology.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.