Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: tribolium confusum

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
coleoptera	tenebrionidae	confused flour beetle	AG	stored grain

Active Ingredient: malathion

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 121755	Shaugnessy Code: 57701

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G5818	1997	Unspecified	USA	Zettler, J.L., and F.H. Arthur. (1997). Dose-Response tests on Red Flour Beetle and Confused Flour Beetle (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Collected from Flour Mills in the United States. Journal of Economic Entomology, 90(5) 1157-1162.
G4290	1985	Field Evolved Resistance	Uganda	Evans, N. J. (1985). The effectiveness of various insecticides on some resistant beetle pests of stored produces form Uganda.. J. Stored Prod. Res., 21 105-09.
G4168	1984	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Ontario	White, N. D. G. and Watters, F. L. (1984). Incidence of malathion resistance in Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes ferrugineus populations collected in Canada.. Proc. Third Intern. Working Conf. Stored Prod. Entomol., Manhattan, Kansas, 1983, pp..
G4169	1984	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Alberta	White, N. D. G. and Watters, F. L. (1984). Incidence of malathion resistance in Tribolium castaneum and Cryptolestes ferrugineus populations collected in Canada.. Proc. Third Intern. Working Conf. Stored Prod. Entomol., Manhattan, Kansas, 1983, pp..
G1659	1970	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- New South Wales	(1970). Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of agricultural pests to pesticides. Tentative method for adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.).. FAO 1970. FAO Method No. 6. FAO Plant Prot. Bull., 18 107.
G1660	1970	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- Victoria	Champ, B. R. and Campbell-Brown, M. J. (1970). Insecticide resistance in Australian Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).. II. Malathion resistance in eastern Australia. J. Stored Prod. Res., 6 111-31.
G1661	1970	Field Evolved Resistance	Cyprus	(1970). Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of agricultural pests to pesticides. Tentative method for adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.).. FAO 1970. FAO Method No. 6. FAO Plant Prot. Bull., 18 107.
G1662	1970	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- Western Australia	(1970). Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of agricultural pests to pesticides. Tentative method for adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.).. FAO 1970. FAO Method No. 6. FAO Plant Prot. Bull., 18 107.
G1663	1970	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- Queensland	(1970). Recommended methods for the detection and measurement of resistance of agricultural pests to pesticides. Tentative method for adults of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.).. FAO 1970. FAO Method No. 6. FAO Plant Prot. Bull., 18 107.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.