Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: Dysdercus koenigii

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
hemiptera	pyrrhocoridae	red cotton bug	AG	cotton

Active Ingredient: imidacloprid

MOA: Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists / antagonists, Neonicotinoids
Group: NICO	CAS #: 138261-41-3	Shaugnessy Code: 129099

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G20964	2021	Lab selected*	Pakistan-- Multan	Saeed, R., Abbas, N., Hafez, A. M. (2021). Fitness cost of imidacloprid resistance in the cotton-staining bug, Dysdercus koenigii. Chemosphere, 265.
G20407	2020	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Southern Punjab-- Multan	Saeed, R., Abbas, N., and Mehmood, Z. (2020). Emamectin benzoate resistance risk assessment in Dysdercus koenigii: Cross-resistance and inheritance patterns. Crop Protection, 130 105069.
G20349	2020	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saees, R., and Abbas, N. (2020). Realized heritability, inheritance and cross resistance patterns in imidacloprid-resistant strain of Dysdercus koenigii (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae). Pest Management Science.
G20350	2020	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saees, R., and Abbas, N. (2020). Realized heritability, inheritance and cross resistance patterns in imidacloprid-resistant strain of Dysdercus koenigii (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae). Pest Management Science.
G20191	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20183	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Makhdoom Rashid	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20185	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Jahanian	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20187	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lodhran	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20189	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20193	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Makhdoom Rashid	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20195	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Vehari	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.
G20180	2018	Field Evolved Resistance	Panama-- Punjab-- Multan	Saeed, R., Abbas, A., Razaq, M., Mahmood Z., Naveed, M., and Rehmanc, H. M. U. (2018). Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids and biopesticides in Dysdercus koenigii (Hemiptera: Pyrrhocoridae) from Punjab, Pakistan. Chemosphere, 213 149-155.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.