Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: phenacoccus solenopsis

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
homoptera	pseudococcidae	cotton mealybug	AG	cotton, ornamentals, vegetable crops

Active Ingredient: imidacloprid

MOA: Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonists / antagonists, Neonicotinoids
Group: NICO	CAS #: 138261-41-3	Shaugnessy Code: 129099

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G19168	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Gujranwata	Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.
G19169	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.
G19167	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Gujrat	Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.
G19166	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.
G19165	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.
G19164	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Ahmad, M. and Akhtar, S. (2016). Development of resistance to insecticide in the invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in Pakistan. Crop Protection, 88 96-102.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.