Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: frankliniella occidentalis

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
thysanoptera	thripidae	western flower thrips	AG	cotton

Active Ingredient: formetanate

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Carbamates
Group: CAR	CAS #: 23422539	Shaugnessy Code: 97301

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G14615	2010	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Spain-- Murcia	Contrearas, J., Espinosa, P., Quinto, V., Abellan, J., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Bielza P. (2010). Life-Stage Variation in Insecticide Resistance of the Western Flower Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 103 2164-2168.
G8791	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	Lopez-Soler, N., Cervera, A., Moores, G. D., Martinez-Pardo, R., and Garcera, M. D. (2008). Esterase isoenzymes and insecticide resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis populations from the south-east region of Spain. Pest Management Science, 64 1258-1266.
G8800	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	Lopez-Soler, N., Cervera, A., Moores, G. D., Martinez-Pardo, R., and Garcera, M. D. (2008). Esterase isoenzymes and insecticide resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis populations from the south-east region of Spain. Pest Management Science, 64 1258-1266.
G8792	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	Lopez-Soler, N., Cervera, A., Moores, G. D., Martinez-Pardo, R., and Garcera, M. D. (2008). Esterase isoenzymes and insecticide resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis populations from the south-east region of Spain. Pest Management Science, 64 1258-1266.
G8796	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	Lopez-Soler, N., Cervera, A., Moores, G. D., Martinez-Pardo, R., and Garcera, M. D. (2008). Esterase isoenzymes and insecticide resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis populations from the south-east region of Spain. Pest Management Science, 64 1258-1266.
G8941	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8947	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8946	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8945	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8944	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8943	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8942	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8937	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8929	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8930	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8931	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8932	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8933	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8934	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8935	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8940	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8939	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8938	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G8936	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Almeria	Bielza, P., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., and Abellan, J. (2008). Impact of Production System on Development of Insecticide Resistance in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 1685-1690.
G10839	2008	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Spain-- Murcia	J. Contreras, P.J. Espinosa, V. Quinto, C. Gravalos, E. Fernandez, and P. Bielza. (2008). Stability of insecticide resistance in Frankliniella Occidentalis to acrinathrin, formetanate and methiocarb . Agricultural and Forest Entomology , 10 273-278.
G10837	2008	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Spain-- Murcia	J. Contreras, P.J. Espinosa, V. Quinto, C. Gravalos, E. Fernandez, and P. Bielza. (2008). Stability of insecticide resistance in Frankliniella Occidentalis to acrinathrin, formetanate and methiocarb . Agricultural and Forest Entomology , 10 273-278.
G10838	2008	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Spain-- Murcia	J. Contreras, P.J. Espinosa, V. Quinto, C. Gravalos, E. Fernandez, and P. Bielza. (2008). Stability of insecticide resistance in Frankliniella Occidentalis to acrinathrin, formetanate and methiocarb . Agricultural and Forest Entomology , 10 273-278.
G10848	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	J. Contreras, P.J. Espinosa, V. Quinto, C. Gravalos, E. Fernandez, and P. Bielza. (2008). Stability of insecticide resistance in Frankliniella Occidentalis to acrinathrin, formetanate and methiocarb . Agricultural and Forest Entomology , 10 273-278.
G10849	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	J. Contreras, P.J. Espinosa, V. Quinto, C. Gravalos, E. Fernandez, and P. Bielza. (2008). Stability of insecticide resistance in Frankliniella Occidentalis to acrinathrin, formetanate and methiocarb . Agricultural and Forest Entomology , 10 273-278.
G10852	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Spain-- Murcia	J. Contreras, P.J. Espinosa, V. Quinto, C. Gravalos, E. Fernandez, and P. Bielza. (2008). Stability of insecticide resistance in Frankliniella Occidentalis to acrinathrin, formetanate and methiocarb . Agricultural and Forest Entomology , 10 273-278.
G6812	2005	Unspecified	Spain-- Murcia	Espinsosa, P.J., Contreras, J., Quinto, V., Gravalos, C., Fernandez, E., Bielze, P. (2005). Metabolic mechanisms of insecticide resistance in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Pest Management Science, 61 1009-1015.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.