Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: culicoides variipennis

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
diptera	ceratopogonidae	biting midge	MED	human, livestock

Active Ingredient: dieldrin

MOA: GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists, Cyclodiene organochlorines
Group: CYCLO	CAS #: 60-57-1	Shaugnessy Code: 45001

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G2743	1975	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- California	Apperson, C. S. (1975). Biological activity of insecticides against Culicoides variipennis (Coquillett) (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).. Proc. Pap. 43 Annu. Conf. Calif. Mosq. Cont. Assoc., pp. 118-19.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.