Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: panonychus ulmi

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
acari	tetranychidae	european red mite	AG	fruit trees

Active Ingredient: dicofol

MOA: Sodium channel modulators, Pyrethroids, Pyrethrins, DDT
Group: OCL	CAS #: 115-32-2	Shaugnessy Code: 10501

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G5108	1989	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada	Pree D.J., K.J. Cole, and P.A. Fisher. (1989). Comparison of Leaf Disc and Petri Dish Assays for the Assessment of Dicofol resistance in populations of European Red Mite From Southern Ontario. Canadian Entomologist, 121 771-776.
G4149	1984	Field Evolved Resistance	Yugoslavia	Stamenkovic, T. (1984). Gaining resistance of Panonychus ulmi Kock (Tetranychidae) to some acaricides from the chlorinated carbohydrates group.. Plant Protection (Zastita Bilja), 170 309-16.
G3395	1978	Field Evolved Resistance	USSR	Galetenko, S. M. (1978). Resistance of tetranychid mites.. (In Russian.) Zashch. Rast. (Mosc.), 12 21.
G2219	1974	Field Evolved Resistance	Portugal	Anon. 1974a. (1974). Communication to FAO. Laboratorio de Fitofarmacologia, Oerias, Portugal.
G2218	1974	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- North Carolina	Rock, G.C. (1974). Communication to FAO.
G2080	1973	Field Evolved Resistance	Canada-- Ontario	Herne, D. H. C. (1973). Methodology for assessing resistance in the European red mite.. Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. Acarology, Prague, 1971, pp. 663-67.
G2079	1973	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Michigan	Croft, B. A. and McGroarty, D. L. (1973). A model study of acaricide resistance, spider mite outbreaks, and biological control patterns in Michigan apple orchards.. Environ. Entomol., 2 633-38.
G2078	1973	Field Evolved Resistance	Japan	Anon. 1973. (1973).
G1749	1971	Field Evolved Resistance	Bulgaria	Balevski, A. (1971). Spinnmilbenbekampfung in Obstanlagen.. Int. Z. Landwirtsch., 1971 327-34.
G1506	1969	Field Evolved Resistance	Korea	Lee, S.C. (1969). Resistance to parathion and kelthane of mites in Korea.. Korean Soc. Plant. Prot., 12 91-96.
G1505	1969	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Pennsylvania	(1969). Report of the Fourth Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1968.
G1325	1968	Field Evolved Resistance	Israel	Plaut 1968. (1968).
G1164	1967	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- West Virginia	(1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
G1163	1967	Field Evolved Resistance	New Zealand	(1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
G1162	1967	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Indiana	(1967). Report of the First Session of the FAO Working Party of Experts on Resistance of Pests to Pesticides.. FAO, Rome 1965.
G572	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Illinois	Meyer 1965. (1965).
G574	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	USA-- Washington	Anthon 1965. (1965).
G573	1965	Field Evolved Resistance	United Kingdom	Dicker, G.H.L. (1965). In: FAO 1967.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.