Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: rhipicephalus microplus

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
acari	ixodidae	southern/tropical cattle tick	MED	cattle

Active Ingredient: diazinon

MOA: Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors, Organophophates
Group: OP	CAS #: 333415	Shaugnessy Code: 57801

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G17024	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Tripura-- West Tripura	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17023	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- West Bengal-- 24-Parganas (north)	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17022	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Rajasthan-- Banswara	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17021	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Bihar-- Sultanpur	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17020	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Bihar-- Darbhanga	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17019	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Bihar-- Vaishali	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17013	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Uttar Pradesh / Punjab	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17016	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Uttar Pradesh-- Raebareilly	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17017	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Bihar-- Danapur	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17018	2011	Field Evolved Resistance	India-- Bihar-- Muzaffarpur	Kumar, S., Paul, S., Sharma, A. K., Kumar, R., Tewari, S. S. Chaudhuri, P., Ray, D. D., Rawat, A. K. S., and Ghosh, S. (2011). Diazinon resistant status in Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. Veterinary Parasitology, 181 274-281.
G17044	2002	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Tabasco-- Emiliano Zapata	Cespedes, N.S., Vargas, M.S., Sanchez, H.F., and Vazquez, Z.G. (2002). First Case reported of Amitraz resistance in the cattle tick Boophilus microplus in Mexico. Tecnica Pecuaria en Mexico, 40(1) 81-92.
G17003	2008	Unspecified	Mexico-- Tamaulipas-- Reynosa	Miller, R. J., Li, A. Y., Tijerina, M., Davey, R. B., and George, J. E. (2008). Differential Response to Diazinon and Coumaphos in a Strain of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) Collected in Mexico. Journal of Medical Entomology, 45(5) 90-911.
G10562	2003	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Campeche-- Champoton	Li, A.Y., Davey, R.B., Miller, R.J., George, J.E. (2003). Resistance to Coumaphos and Diazinon in Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) and Evidence for the Involvement of an Oxidative Detoxification Mechanism. Journal of Medical Entomology, 40 482-490.
G10561	2003	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Veracruz-- Tuxpan	Li, A.Y., Davey, R.B., Miller, R.J., George, J.E. (2003). Resistance to Coumaphos and Diazinon in Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) and Evidence for the Involvement of an Oxidative Detoxification Mechanism. Journal of Medical Entomology, 40 482-490.
G10560	2003	Field Evolved Resistance	Mexico-- Tamaulipas-- Champoton	Li, A.Y., Davey, R.B., Miller, R.J., George, J.E. (2003). Resistance to Coumaphos and Diazinon in Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) and Evidence for the Involvement of an Oxidative Detoxification Mechanism. Journal of Medical Entomology, 40 482-490.
G17033	2000	Field Evolved Resistance	Colombia-- Santander-- Socorro	Benavides, E., Rodriguez, J. L., and Romero, A. (2000). Isolation and Partial Characterization of the Montecitos Strain of Boophilus microplus (Canestrini, 1877) Multiresistant to Different Acaricides. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 916 668-671.
G4257	1984	Field Evolved Resistance	France	Brun, L. O., Wilson, J. T. and Nolan, J. (1984). Patterns of resistance in five samples of ethion-resistant cattle tick Boophilus microplus from New Caledonia.. Trop. Pest Management., 30 296-01.
G2671	1974	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- New South Wales	Pasfield, G.A. (1974). Communication to FAO.
G1585	1969	Field Evolved Resistance	Australia-- Queensland	Roulston, W. J. (1969). Acaricide resistance in the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus, in Austalia.. Proc. 2nd Int. Congr. Acarology, 1967, pp. 515-21.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.