Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: helicoverpa armigera

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	cotton bollworm	AG	cotton, corn, sorghum, tomato

Active Ingredient: abamectin

MOA: Chloride channel activators, Avermectins, Milbemycins
Group: ABM	CAS #: 71751412	Shaugnessy Code: 122804

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G20668	2019	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Rawalpindi	Ahmad, M., Rasool, B., Ahmad, M., and Russell, D. A. (2019). Resistance and Synergism of Novel Insecticides in Field Populations of Cotton Bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology, 112 859–871.
G17510	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17511	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Muzaffargarh	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G17512	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Pakpattan	Qayyum, M., Wakil, W., Arif, M., Sahi, S., Saeed, N., and Russell, D. (2015). Multiple Resistances Against Formulated Organophosphates, Pyrethroids, and Newer-Chemistry Insecticides in Populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8.
G13873	2012	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G13901	2012	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G13908	2012	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.
G13925	2012	Lab selected after field-evolved resistance**	Pakistan-- Punjab	Alvi, A., Sayyed, A., Naeem, M., and Ali, M. (2012). Field Evolved Resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry1Ac in Pakistan. Public Library of Science One, 7 1-9.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.