Reported Resistance Case(s)

Species: spodoptera litura

Order	Family	Common Name(s)	Group	Host
lepidoptera	noctuidae	mediterranean climbing cutworm	AG	Tobacco

Active Ingredient: abamectin

MOA: Chloride channel activators, Avermectins, Milbemycins
Group: ABM	CAS #: 71751412	Shaugnessy Code: 122804

Resistance Case(s)

Case Id	Year of Report	Type of Resistance	Location	Reference
G20258	2019	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Guangdong-- Huizhou	Wang X., Lou, L., and Su J. (2019). Prevalence and stability of insecticide resistances in field population of T Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Huizhou, Guangdong Province, China. Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology, 22 728-732.
G15261	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Changsha	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15264	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Yueyang	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15267	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Changde	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15271	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Chenzhou	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15269	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Yiyang	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G18821	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Bahawalpur	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18824	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lodhran	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18829	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Dunyapur	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18832	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18834	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G15268	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Yiyang	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15266	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Changde	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15263	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Yueyang	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G15270	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Chenzhou	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G18833	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Faisalabad	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G15265	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Changde	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G18831	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18820	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Bahawalpur	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18828	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Dunyapur	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18826	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Kahror Pacca	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G17331	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G15262	2013	Field Evolved Resistance	China-- Hunan-- Yueyang	Tong, H., Su, Q., Zhou, X., and Bai, L. (2013). Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China. Journal of Pest Science, 86 599-609.
G18823	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lodhran	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18827	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Dunyapur	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18822	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lodhran	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18825	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Kahror Pacca	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G18830	2016	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Saleem, M., Hussain, D., Ghouse, G., and Abbas, M. (2016). Monitoring of insecticide resistance in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from four districts of Punjab, Pakistan to conventional and new chemistry insecticides. Crop Protection, 79 177-184.
G10537	2009	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan	Shad, S.A., Sayyeh, A.H., and Saleem, M.A. (2009). Cross-resistance, mode of inheritance and stability of resistance to emamectin in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pest Management Science, 66 839-846.
G17330	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17329	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G9905	2008	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Sayyed, A.H., Ahmad, M., Saleem, M.A. (2008). Cross-Resistance and Genetics of Resistance to Indoxacarb in Spodoptera litura (lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 101 472-479.
G17328	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Multan	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17327	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lahore	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17326	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Khokhran	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17325	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Bosan	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17324	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Khanewal	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17323	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Shershah	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17322	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Kabirwala	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17321	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Shujabad	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17320	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Khanewal	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17319	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Muzaffargarh	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.
G17318	2015	Field Evolved Resistance	Pakistan-- Punjab-- Lar	Ahmad, M., and Mehmood R. (2015). Monitoring of Resistance to New Chemistry Insecticides in Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-10.

*The population was created solely by selection and/or genetic manipulation.
**The population was selected further in the laboratory after collection.